![]() Some of the data that are collected include the number of visitors, their source, and the pages they visit anonymously.Īdvertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Installed by Google Analytics, _gid cookie stores information on how visitors use a website, while also creating an analytics report of the website's performance. The cookie stores information anonymously and assigns a randomly generated number to recognize unique visitors. The _ga cookie, installed by Google Analytics, calculates visitor, session and campaign data and also keeps track of site usage for the site's analytics report. Set by to determine the usage of service. YouTube sets this cookie via embedded youtube-videos and registers anonymous statistical data. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc.ĪddThis sets this cookie to track page visits, sources of traffic and share counts. News > Latest Research News > Meta-Analysis Helps Psychologists Build KnowledgeĪnalytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. “In order to do meta-analysis, you have to have enough scholars who have studied the phenomenon in the first place.” Meta-analysis has helped psychology mature over the last 20 years, he says, helping scientists to develop paradigms for understanding human behavior and focus more on important questions. ![]() Just the fact that it’s possible to do meta-analyses in psychology shows that psychology is a fairly mature field, Arvey says. “I will start looking at specific measures of those traits in my own research,” he says. Arvey is starting to study the neurological basis of leadership, and he’s using meta-analysis to find out what personality characteristics are generally associated with leadership. This method can also help guide scientists on what kinds of work to subsequently explore. But Arvey used a meta-analysis to show, he says, that “The data this person had produced was an outlier, a very unusual result compared to all the other studies.” He showed that this study did not represent what had been found by the field as a whole. The workers who thought they had been discriminated against had an expert witness who presented a study that found the kinds of things the company was accused of were because of age discrimination. Arvey gives an example from his own experience: He was an expert witness in an age discrimination case. ![]() Meta-analysis can be very useful, Arvey and Chan argue. They looked at a particular area and found that researchers did continue to conduct studies after the meta-analysis was published. Arvey of the National University of Singapore, who co-wrote the article with graduate student Meow Lan Evelyn Chan. “We started out asking the question, does it have a chilling effect? What happens after a meta-analysis?” says Richard D. But it may also stop scientists from looking at questions related to whatever the meta-analysis was about. The answers that a meta-analysis comes up with can guide the field. A meta-analysis takes the results from all published studies on the same question and combines them it’s as if someone had done a single study with a much larger sample size. For example, some experiments might find that a particular drug decreases the risk of heart attack, while other experiments might find the drug doesn’t have any particular effect. There are many meta-analyses in psychology and medicine, areas where studies find often conflicting results. But the authors of a new paper published in Perspectives in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, write that meta-analysis actually helps scientific fields develop. Some people think this creates a chilling effect, shutting off further inquiry. When scientists want to know the answer to a question that’s been studied a great deal, they conduct something called a meta-analysis, pooling data from multiple studies to arrive at one combined answer.
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